(What is pershing? - Edit Wiki)
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 1918 and 1919 WWI AEF MISCELLANEOUS ATHLETIC ACTIVITIES
from YouTube :: Tag // cannes
April 01, 2008
Locales and Events: A. Cannes, France ... Tennis matches among American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) officers, pugilists skip rope, throw medicine ball and box here: The InterContinental Carlton Cannes is a 338-room luxury hotel, built in 1909, located at 58 La Croisette in Cannes on the French Riviera, and listed by the Government of France as a National Historic Building. During the Cannes Film Festival, it is the most prestigious place to stay and the undisputed headquarters of motion picture industry deal-making. Part of the InterContinental Hotels Group, the Carlton is famous for hosting movie stars from around the world during the annual Film Festival. The hotel was also featured in Elton John's well-known 1983 music video for the single, "I'm Still Standing", and the exterior and interior features in New Order's 1993 music video for the single, "World (The Price of Love)". More famously, the hotel was a central location for the Alfred Hitchcock film To Catch a Thief starring Grace Kelly and Cary Grant. While staying at the Hotel Carlton during the 1955 Cannes Film Festival, Academy Award winning movie star Grace Kelly had an arranged meeting and photo shoot with His Serene Highness (HSH) Prince Rainier III of Monaco which eventually resulted in their 1956 marriage and in her becoming Her Serene Highness Princess Grace.The Carlton's distinctive domes on both seaward corners were reputedly designed to resemble the breasts of Caroline Otero, "La Belle Otero" the most famous (or infamous) courtesan of the French Riviera during the years surrounding World War I. The Carlton's elegant seventh floor formal dining room is named La Belle Otero in her "honor," although there are a couple of less formal restaurants, La Côte and La Brasserie, on the ground floor. Only the last-named can be considered the least bit "affordable," with a €49 lobster and champagne menu offered on Fridays only. B. Paris, France ... The 89th and 36th Division football teams play ... General John J. Pershing and and Admiral Cary Travers Grayson of Culpeper, VA watch. AEF crews row in a regatta on the Seine River. C. Led Mans, France ... General J. J. Pershing and French General Camille Walch observe machine gun shooting competition ... Pershing present awards. 1. Admiral Cary Travers Grayson (11 October 1878-15 February 1938) was a surgeon in the United States Navy who served a variety of roles from personal aide to President Woodrow Wilson, to chairman of the American Red Cross. Grayson was born in Culpeper, Virginia. After completing his medical studies, he was appointed Acting Assistant Surgeon, USN, 14 July 1903. A variety of posts led Grayson to Washington, where on 12 December 1912 he was assigned to the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery with additional duty as Aide to the White House. Commissioned Rear Admiral 29 August 1916, he served as personal physician and aide to President Woodrow Wilson during World War I. Before transferring to the Retired List 20 December 1928, Admiral Grayson received the Navy Cross for exceptionally meritorious service as aide and physician to President Wilson. He was also made Commander of the National Order of the Legion of Honor by the French government. Admiral Grayson served as chairman of the American Red Cross from 1935 until his death 15 February 1938. The USS Grayson (DD-435), a Gleaves-class destroyer was named in his honor. 2. John Joseph "Black Jack" Pershing, GCB, (September 13, 1860 -- July 15, 1948) was an officer in the United States Army. Pershing is the only person, while still alive, to rise to the highest rank ever held in the United States Army—General of the Armies—equivalent only to the posthumous rank of George Washington. Pershing led the American Expeditionary Force in World War I and was regarded as a mentor by the generation of American generals who led the United States Army in Europe during World War II, including George C. Marshall, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Omar Bradley and George S. Patton. Note: I marched in Pershing's state funeral parade from Washington, DC to Arlington National Cemetery in 1948 as a 13-year-old high school cadet (Central High, Washington, DC). ... n1014f 3. Brigadier General Camille Walch, French Army (Details not found) (Sources: Images-U. S. National Archives, music selected and images enhanced by JimS ... slrman and this text is from various internet links) Author: n1014f Keywords: 1918 1919 AEF American football tennis water sport Regatta Paris Le Mans Cannes Carlton Pershing Walch Grayson Boxing Added: April 1, 2008
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 MTIH 318 Pancho Villa Raids New Mexico, 1916
from Matt's Today In History
March 09, 2007
Today in 1916, two hours before sunrise, more than 500 Mexican raiders led by Francisco Pancho Villa crossed the US border and attacked the small town of Columbus, New Mexico. The raid marked the beginning of a confrontation with the Mexican revolutionary and helped the citizens of the United States wake up to the fact that isolation and neutrality brought no guarantees of security and peace. Columbus, New Mexico was a typical border town. Its only distinguishing characteristic in 1916 was Camp Furlong, a nearby Army post manned by 350 men from the 13th Cavalry Regiment out of Fort Meade, South Dakota. Their presence brought a sense of security to the area. But a revolution was raging in Mexico, a revolution that would soon spill across the border and into the lives of both the town's citizens and the unprepared soldiers of the camp. The attack came from the southwest and began at around 4:20AM. The raiders were not in Columbus to kill, but to raid. While their true intentions remain unknown, it is likely that the group was short on supplies, weapons and ammunition. This theory is supported by the fact that most of the damage was wrought in Columbus' business district. Had they wanted to destroy the town and kill her citizens, they most likely could have done so. Some townspeople believed that the rebels were retaliating against a local arms dealer who had received payment from Villa for weapons and then never delivered them. As it was, the damage they caused was extensive. Most of the buildings in the business district were either totally consumed by flames or suffered major fire damage. Camp Furlong was attacked but received little damage, possibly because the raiders did not know how many soldiers were stationed there and did not want to find themselves surrounded by a numerically superior force. Many residents fled their homes and either headed for the desert, the local schoolhouse or the Hoover Hotel. The noise from the raid alerted the garrison at Camp Furlong. Soldiers were soon running to the business district, weapons in hand. Two crew-served machine guns were set up, one in front of the Hoover Hotel and another on East Boundary Street. This created a deadly crossfire. As the sun began to rise and Pancho Villa's men ran from the murderous machine gun fire back towards the border, the damage assessment began. Almost 75 of Villa's men lay in the streets of Columbus; 18 Americans, mostly civilians, died there as well. The American response to the raid was swift. General John Pershing, known as Black Jack , arrived from Fort Bliss, Texas, two days after the raid and established Columbus as his base of operations. In less than 48 hours, soldiers from other cavalry regiments began to arrive. Soon, they numbered over 5,000 and made Columbus, at least temporarily, the largest city in New Mexico. On March 16th, exactly a week after the raid, Pershing and his men crossed the border into Mexico on what came to be called Punitive Expedition. Their mission was to capture Villa and scatter his rebel army. Supporting a growing army of 5,000+ men in northern Mexico proved to be a logistical nightmare. Pershing could not initially gain permission to use the Northwest Railroad to transport men and supplies, so his army resorted to using trucks and mules. Army trucks of 1916 were not the specially-designed, rugged machines we know today---they were mostly bought straight from the manufacturer in the same configurations that were offered for sale to the public. On the crude and often non-existant roads of Mexico, maintenance soon became a major problem. In addition, thousands of horses needed to be shoed, feed and watered at regular intervals. Pershing had Army aircraft at his disposal for aerial reconnaissance, but the small, underpowered planes were easily grounded by strong winds. In addition, Villa's men knew the area well and utilized the rough terrain to remain virtually invisible. Still, Pershing's use of airplanes and his partial reliance on mechanized ground transportation helped bring the US Army into the 20th century. The expedition eventually pushed 300 miles into Mexico, but Villa was nowhere to be found. The local population was of little help as many citizens supported the rebel leader and disliked the idea of foreign troops riding through their country. In January, 1917, the expedition was recalled; by then, it was a force of more than 10,000 soldiers. Pershing took his force to El Paso, Texas, where they were welcomed as heroes. The Punitive Expedition marked the last time a unit of United States Cavalry took to the battlefield on horseback. Pershing called the journey into Mexico a learning experience, and a timely one: in April, 1917, the US Congress declared war on Germany, drawing the nation into the First World War. The strategies of modern combat devised in Mexico would serve the American Army well in Europe, considering that Pershing was placed in command of the American Expeditionary Forces. One of the young officers who gained valuable experience in Mexico was a man named George Patton. Pancho Villa retired from rebellion after three more years of fighting. He reached an agreement with the Mexican government in which he would move to Durango. It was near there on July 20, 1923 that he was killed by gunmen while driving home. He was 45. Although never proven, it has been theorized that powerful players in the Mexican government arranged the assassination.
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 Eileen Welsome
from Pritzker Military Library Podcasts
September 08, 2006
Pulitzer Prize winning journalist and author Eileen Welsome discusses Gen. John Pershing, Pancho Villa, and her new book The General & the Jaguar: Pershing's Hunt for Pancho Villa - A True Story of Revolution & Revenge. Originally aired 9/07/06.
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